When is it appropriate to perform a heel stick for blood collection?

Performing a heel stick for blood collection is appropriate primarily for neonates and infants under 6 months old due to several critical factors related to safety and technique. In this age group, the heel is an accessible and less invasive site for obtaining a blood sample, which minimizes discomfort and the risk of complications. The skin and tissue in this area are also thinner and provide a sufficient volume of blood without requiring deeper punctures, which could be necessary in other sites.

As neonates have smaller blood volumes and more delicate veins, heel sticks are preferred starting from birth until around 6 months when other methods like venipuncture can become more viable as the infant grows. This practice aligns with clinical guidelines that prioritize pediatric patients' comfort and safety and helps to ensure successful blood collection with minimal risk of injury. In contrast, adults, adolescents, and patients over 60 years generally require different phlebotomy techniques, such as venipuncture, due to their anatomy and tissue characteristics.